A Meta-analysis of Relative Clause Processing in Mandarin Chinese Using Bias Modelling

of: A Meta-analysis of Relative Clause Processing in Mandarin Chinese using Bias Modelling Author: Shravan Vasishth Date: September 2015 The reading difficulty associated with Chinese relative clauses presents an important empirical problem for psycholinguistic research on sentence comprehension processes. Some studies show that object relatives are easier to process than subject relatives, while others show the opposite pattern. If Chinese has an object relative advantage, this has important implications for theories of reading comprehension. In order to clarify the facts about Chinese, we carried out a Bayesian random-effects meta-analysis using 15 published studies; this analysis showed that the posterior probability of a subject relative advantage is approximately 0.77 (mean 16, 95% credible intervals −29 and 61 ms). Because the studies had significant biases, it is possible that they may have confounded the results. Bias modelling is a potentially important tool in such situations because it uses expert opinion to incorporate the biases in the model. As a proof of concept, we first identified biases in five of the fifteen studies, and elicited priors on these using the SHELF framework. Then we fitted a random-effects meta-analysis, including priors on biases. This analysis showed a stronger posterior probability (0.96) of a subject relative advantage compared to the standard random-effects meta-analysis (mean 33, credible intervals −4 and 71).